PENERAPAN HUKUM TATA NEGARA DALAM SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN DI INDONESIA: TANTANGAN DALAM DINAMIKA POLITIK KONTEMPORER

الملخص

Constitutional Law is a branch of legal science that governs the mechanisms of governmental administration, relationships between state institutions, and interactions between the state and its citizens. In Indonesia, its application is based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as the primary normative framework. However, contemporary political dynamics present several challenges, such as the politicization of state institutions, conflicts of interest, and the impact of globalization, which affect the effectiveness of its implementation. This study analyze the application of Constitutional Law within Indonesia's governmental system, identify the main obstacles faced, and propose adaptive strategies to enhance its effectiveness. A qualitative approach employing descriptive-analytical methods was utilized, supported by doctrinal studies of primary legal sources, as well as a comparative method to examine legal practices in other countries. The findings indicate that although the constitutional legal framework has adopted principles of the rule of law, equality before the law, and human rights protection, structural challenges such as corruption, weak oversight of judicial institutions, and conflicts between government policies and human rights remain significant barriers. Therefore, systemic reforms, the strengthening of institutional independence, increased public participation in legislation, and widespread political education are required to support more effective, just, and transparent governance.